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Volume 6, Issue 2
Published Online: February 15, 2023
Editorial
Ivan Neil Gomez
Should ChatGPT be Considered an Author in Scholarly Publications?
Article 1 | Physical Activity Level and Quality of Life of Filipino Community-Dwelling Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study Protocol
Donald Lipardo, Maria Christen Rogelio, Krisha Andrealyn Castueras, Christina Janine Felipe, Danica Ysabel Koa, Eevee Krystle Liao, Jalen Edmond Mijares, Ray Aerold Pua, Mark Christopher Sy, Cherrie Jhules Valdez, Angela Marie Yap
Background: Due to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, lockdown protocols for older adults were implemented globally to reduce their risks of contracting the virus. These restrictions could affect their physical activity (PA) and Quality of life (QoL). Objectives: This study aims to describe and to determine the association between the physical activity level and quality of life of Filipino community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines. Methods: An analytic observational cross-sectional study will be conducted. 126 Filipino community- dwelling older adults aged 60 years or above in the Philippines will be conveniently sampled and recruited through online platforms. They will be asked to answer three questionnaires: 1.) a sociodemographic information survey for screening, 2.) the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly in Filipino (PASE-F) to measure physical activity level, and 3.) the Short-Form 36 Version 2 Philippines (Tagalog SF-36v2) to measure the quality of life. Data will be summarized using standard descriptive statistics, and the association will be assessed using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient Test. A p < .05 will be considered significant. Expected Results: There will be an association between the QoL and PA level of Filipino community- dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines. This can guide healthcare professionals in formulating interventions and policies to improve older adults’ PA, QoL, and rehabilitation in the Philippines. The tools used in this study have very high reliability and validity scores, which may help future studies with similar topics.
Article 2 | Family Members’ Experiences as Simulated Patients in Physical Therapy Performance-Based Assessments: A Phenomenological Exploration Protocol
Donald Lipardo, Christopher Cruz, Nisrene Ayn Abubakar, Francis Miguel Almaria, Kaitlynne Dominique Bermio, Ma. Ysabelle Therese Espinosa, Hilario Favila III, Danielle Iana Magallanes, Mitchie Joy Mercader, Jeff Matthew Pimenta, Teresa Marie Santos
Background: The Covid-19 pandemic caused educational institutions to shift from traditional to distance learning. Higher educational institutions offering bachelor’s degrees in Physical Therapy (PT) adapted to the situation by employing various strategies to facilitate learning online. One of the strategies employed is inviting family members as simulated patients in various performance-based assessments (PBA). In the Philippines, the PT department at the University of Santo Tomas made similar changes in the delivery of its courses. Given that family members are one of the primary stakeholders of PT education, it is important to know their experience, insights, and knowledge gained about the profession of PT after playing as a simulated patient (SP) during online performance-based assessments. Objectives: This study aims to explore how family members describe their experiences playing the role of patients in PT PBAs. Methods: This study will utilize a phenomenological explorative research design. Family members, including parents, siblings, grandparents, cousins, and household helpers who played the role of a patient in any PT PBAs such as case presentation, case discussion, and practical examination, will be invited to participate. Semi-structured one-on-one interviews will be used for data gathering. Qualitative data from interview transcriptions will be analyzed using thematic analysis using NVivo 12 plus program. Expected Results: Family Members will offer experiences in role-playing as patients in PBAs. Main themes and findings will be generated from their sharing that will provide insights regarding the improvement of remote PT PBAs.
Article 3 | Effects and Safety of Facemask Use on Healthy Adults During Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol
Valentin Dones III, Mark Angel Serra, Maria Cristina San Jose, Francine Abigail San Jose, Angelo Paulo Palima, Jovi Anne Macaraeg, Lou Jericho Alejandrino, Alexandra Mae Baybay, Carlos Daniel Aniciete, Kerrie Lyn Matheson, Lance Aldrich Embile
Background: Facemasks are used to minimize SARS-CoV-2 spread during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, facemask use during exercise is associated with possible adverse effects. Objectives: To compare the effects of facemask use vs. non-facemask use on subjective responses, COVID- 19 incidence, and physiologic changes in healthy adults during exercise. Methods: The systematic review (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022296247) will follow the PRISMA-P guidelines and use electronic databases Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Herdin, and EbscoHost. This will cover randomized parallel groups or randomized crossover studies investigating tolerability, physiologic effects, and the impact on SARS-COV2 incidence of commercially-available cloth, surgical, or FFR/N95 facemasks compared to no-facemask conditions during exercise among healthy adults, including studies published from the earliest date to January 31, 2022. Outcomes of interest will be facemask tolerability in 10 domains of comfort and objective cardiopulmonary, gas exchange, and metabolic responses. Mean differences (MD) or standardized mean differences (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) will be calculated overall and for subgroups using RevMan software (version 5.4.1). Pooled and subgroup estimates will be calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. The chi-squared test, I2 statistics, and visual analysis will assess heterogeneity. The GRADEpro will determine the certainty of the level of evidence. Expected Results: An evidence-based recommendation using GRADE on the changes attributed to facemask use during exercise will be available. This will be useful for organizations when developing appropriate guidelines for exercising while mitigating the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Future researchers may use this study when redesigning comfortable facemasks without compromising filtration capability.
Article 4 | The Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation in Hypertension Management of Adults in Communities: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Christian Rey Rimando, Valentin Dones III, Archelle Jane Callejo-Tiuseco, Abigail Anne Velasquez, Maureen Dacuya, Kirsten Ermengild Ignacio, Stephanie Elisha Marie Pasol, Ella Teresa Cavite, Liam Sebastian Dy, Patrick Angelo Tayag, Ronan II Ibuna, Maria Florissa Valerio, Gino Valderama, Carl Froilan Leochico
Background: The emergence of Telerehabilitation in managing hypertension showed positive outcomes as an alternative approach to deliver healthcare services. With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic which necessitates less physical contact, the study aims to determine the effectiveness of Telerehabilitation versus the usual care in hypertension management among adults in communities, especially in rural settings. Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in the following databases: ProQuest, EBSCOhost, AHA Journals, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, HERDIN, Web of Science, JSTOR, and ScienceDirect in March 2022 and was updated in August 2022. Inclusion criteria are randomized controlled trial studies that involve participants aged ≥ 18 years old with hypertension or baseline blood pressure of >140/90 mmHg and the use of technologies and digital services to address hypertension versus non-Telerehabilitation approaches in rural communities or through community- based rehabilitation. Exclusion criteria are non-randomized controlled trials, qualitative studies, unfinished and article type records. The revised Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool will be used to evaluate the content for risk of bias, quality, and internal validity. An electronic data collection form and Raxter will be utilized to extract and to organize the following: demographics, objectives, design, settings, interventions, outcome measures, and significant findings. Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4 will be used to perform quantitative synthesis of the pooled data if homogeneity is observed in the outcomes. Expected Results: The study will determine the effectiveness of Telerehabilitation in managing hypertension and aiding in its implementation in response to the global trend of urbanization in rural areas.
Article 5 | Validity and Reliability of Mobile Applications in Physical Therapy: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Ibiza Gonzaga, Keesha Bernice Blanco, Airen Margaret Magdalena, Agee Liezel Merquita, Dana Rae Santos, Kiara Nicole See, Tristan Isaiah Tolentino, Jannah Francine Tsai, Efren Louis Llanos, Cristine Rose Versales, Ma. Roxanne Fernandez
Background: Due to technological advancements, mobile applications have aided in the enhancement of assessment, treatment, and exercise programs for the major stakeholders in healthcare. However, there is a lack of preponderance of the evidence of reliability and validity of these mobile applications among traditional tools/methods used in rehabilitation. Thus, this systematic review aims to identify and synthesize existing studies on evidence of the validity and reliability of mobile applications used in physical therapy. Methods: Included in this systematic review are studies written in English that tested the PT mobile application in healthy individuals, compared it with gold standard equipment, and tested the app’s validity and/or reliability. A literature search will be conducted on nine databases, and two electronic software will be used – (1) Mendeley and (2) Rayyan. The Brink and Louw (2012) Critical Appraisal Tool will be used to assess the validity and reliability of the eligible articles. A qualitative review and meta-analyses will be conducted for data synthesis. Expected Results: This study will contribute to current knowledge and healthcare practices by providing information on valid and reliable PT applications, synthesizing evidence on mobile applications that will improve PT assessments and interventions, and which applications can be further studied and developed. Overall, the results of this study will give information on how PT mobile applications can complement standard test measures or procedures in physical therapy such as assessments, interventions, and home exercise programs.
Article 6 | Designing a Content Validated Community Needs Assessment Questionnaire for Two Densely Populated Barangays in Binangonan, Rizal: A Psychometric Study Protocol
Jordan Barbra Nava, Archelle Jane Callejo-Tiuseco, Christian Rey Rimando, Hannah Mae Almeida, John Carlo Carandang, Anne Trisha Chua, Cassiopeia Melle Hilario, John Eugene Leongson, Rafael Francisco Lozano, Juana Margarita Roxas, Christianne Allyssa Tia
Background: Prior to developing a community-based rehabilitation program, there is a need to conduct a needs assessment to identify the factors that may affect the quality of life (QOL) in a community. However, after reviewing related literature, no community needs assessment tools were readily accessible and were directed toward the target population and research locale of this study. Objective: The study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire that assesses the needs of selected barangays in Binangonan, Rizal as part of the first phase of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model. Methods: A purposive sampling method will be utilized in recruiting via email a panel of experts, consisting of five content experts and five lay experts, to evaluate the researcher-developed questionnaire’s content validity. Content validity will be assessed through evaluation of the tool’s grammar, choice of words, question construction, and scoring of items. The data will then be analyzed by a statistician using content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) where questions may be retained, revised, or eliminated. Expected Results: The study expects to produce a content-validated questionnaire in English consisting of four dimensions: social, epidemiological, educational, and administrative/policy. For an item to be considered valid, scores for CVR and CVI should be equal to or greater than the cut-off values. The information from the questionnaire may be utilized by healthcare professionals aiming to improve the QOL in the community.
Article 7 | Evaluation of an Online Physical and Mental Wellbeing Program for UST CRS Students: A Feasibility Study Protocol
Catherine Joy Escuadra, Barbra Nava, Arlene Chiong Maya, Katrina Jarobel, Neil Aningalan, Llana Duya, Marco Francisco III, Julia Villocillo, Jan Ramos, Darlene Lim, Beatriz Borhillo, John Wycoco
Background: With the COVID-19 pandemic and sudden transition to online learning, students experience academic difficulties, which are correlated to physical and mental health. The need for implementation of an online wellbeing intervention program for students may lead to better health and improved academic performance. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a six-week online educational wellbeing program for University of Santo Tomas College of Rehabilitation Sciences (UST-CRS) students on their physical and mental health. Method: This will utilize a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design, with purposive sampling of at least 40 participants with no physical and/or mental condition. Participants’ eligibility will be screened using the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire and Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms. Wix platform will be used to assess participants’ well-being, which encompasses psychological and physical activities including physical activity tracking, virtual group exercises, Positive Psychological Intervention, walking, motivational interviewing, mindfulness exercises, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire and World Health Organization-Five WellBeing Index will be used as pre and post-tests. Descriptive statistics will be used to summarize data and inferential statistics for Paired t-tests or Wilcoxon. Expected Results: The findings will include the participants’ responses on the feasibility of the physical and mental wellbeing components of the proposed online program. Results are expected to be beneficial to students and university personnel for promoting a conducive learning environment and may be recommended for college-wide online program implementation.
Article 8 | Documenting Pediatric Occupational Therapy Evaluation Through the Dollhouse Model
Abby Victoria Concepcion, Frances Drew Bosque, Ninfa Mae Delgado, Isabelle Kezia Mojica, Rod Charlie Delos Reyes
Documentation is a professional responsibility and is a form of communication to stakeholders, demanding health professionals including occupational therapists, to provide accountable records encompassing the occupational therapy process which includes evaluation, intervention, and outcomes. However, there are no clear guidelines for occupational therapy documentation. There is a lack of uniformity of content in documentation among therapists and facilities, and the length required to create the report are pertinent problems encountered. The purpose of this article is to report on the conceptual model to guide occupational therapists in creating efficient and occupation-centered evaluation documentation. With this, the proposed Dollhouse Model aims to answer the question: “What do you prioritize when creating pediatric evaluation documentation?” Utilizing this model suggests that therapists may be able to prioritize the pertinent occupational areas to document, therefore making it more efficient and occupation-centered.
Article 9 | SAKLAY: A Guide to an Assistive Technology Service Delivery Process in the Philippines
Kristel Yamat, Jennifer Anne Bondoc, Gemiele Elaine Delasas, Margarita Anne Lacson, Ralph Vincent Rodriguez, Abelardo Apollo David Jr.
Documentation is a professional responsibility and is a form of communication to stakeholders, demanding health professionals including occupational therapists, to provide accountable records encompassing the occupational therapy process which includes evaluation, intervention, and outcomes. However, there are no clear guidelines for occupational therapy documentation. There is a lack of uniformity of content in documentation among therapists and facilities, and the length required to create the report are pertinent problems encountered. The purpose of this article is to report on the conceptual model to guide occupational therapists in creating efficient and occupation-centered evaluation documentation. With this, the proposed Dollhouse Model aims to answer the question: “What do you prioritize when creating pediatric evaluation documentation?” Utilizing this model suggests that therapists may be able to prioritize the pertinent occupational areas to document, therefore making it more efficient and occupation-centered.
The Philippine Journal of Allied health Sciences [ISSN: 1908-5044] is an Open Access, peer reviewed journal published by the University of Santo Tomas-College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Manila, Philippines.
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